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Archives for December 2009

WAYWT 12/3/09

↘︎ Dec 8, 2009 … 1′⇠ | skip ⇢

J Crew flannel
AA Tee
Full Count contest jeans
Chucks

Me

circa 1996 (9 y/o)

about adam

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  • 09 Dec 8: WAYWT 12/3/09 #clothing #style #WAYWT
  • 09 Dec 7: The Biochemistry of Anthrax #CHM 2611 (Biochemistry) #Dr. Mark F. Reynolds #Saint Joseph's University
  • 09 Dec 5: Ring-Opening Metathesis PowerPoint Presentation #CHM 2511 (Inorganic Chemistry) #Dr. Peter M. Graham #Saint Joseph's University
  • 09 Dec 2: WAYWT 12/2/09 #clothing #style #WAYWT
  • 09 Dec 1: WAYWT 12/1/09 #clothing #style #WAYWT

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The Biochemistry of Anthrax

↘︎ Dec 7, 2009 … 2′ … download⇠ | skip ⇢

Anthrax is an illness caused by the bacterium bacillus anthracis. The bacteria are spread through spores and can infect the host cutaneously, inhalationally, or gastrointestinally. If infected, anthrax can often be fatal to the host. The bacteria employ a synergistic binary mechanism in order to infect eukaryotic cells and inflict the host with the illness. The symbiotic nature of anthrax is what makes it especially potent and of such concern.

The basic binary mechanism works with two components; component “A” and component “B.” Precursor component B must first be activated via proteolysis to form an oligomer. These activated B components will either then form a heptamer in solution which will then bind to a receptor on the cell surface, or bind as monomers to the receptor and form a homoheptamer. This component B-receptor complex then acts as a docking station for component A. Under acidic conditions, enzymatic component A is able to be translocated through the component B-receptor complex into the cytosol.

Once in the cytosol, component A is able to then disarm the cell through a number of different methods. First, component A could potentially force mono-ADP-ribosylation of G-actin, which incites cytoskeletal disarry and cell death. Second, it could induce proteolysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK), which prevents cell signaling. Finally, component A could increase cellular levels of cyclic AMP, which results in immunosuppression and edema.

Anthrax consists of three synergistically acting proteins. The first protein of interest is the protective antigen (PA), which serves as the component B. It can be activated proteolytically from PA83 to PA63 via either trypsin, serum, of furin. It should be noted that furin is a special case, in which PA83 binds to the receptor before being activated by furin located on the cell surface. Once the heptamer of PA63 is formed, it is then able to send the A components into the cytosol under acidic conditions.

In the case of anthrax, component A actually consists of two separate proteins; the lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF). These two factors compete for docking rights on the PA63 heptamer in order to gain entrance into the cytosol. When the factors come into with the PA, they react to form lethal toxin and edema toxin. Upon entering the cytosol, each toxin does slightly different destruction on the cell.

Lethal toxin disarms the host immune system. It does this by targeting macrophages and dendritic cells, which eliminates any immunological response that the hosts would have. In essence, the host becomes deprived on pathogen killing cells. The edema toxin works in conjunction with the lethal factor by increasing cellular levels of cyclic AMP. This decreases the host immune response. The combination of these two toxins leads to a build up of bacteria and the host cannot attack the infection because its immune system is nearly non-existent thanks to anthrax.

Anthrax infection can be prevented by vaccine and treated with antibiotics. It was of national concern during the fall of 2001 when anthrax was found in the mail. This made people weary of anthrax as a possible biological weapon that could be used for terrorism. It can be made in vitro, which is part of what makes it such a threat. Anthrax spores can be destroyed with formaldehyde. The name anthrax comes from a Greek word for “coal,” which refers to the black ulcers that form from cutaneous infections. In all, anthrax can be a deadly disease and needs to be carefully dealt with.

Bibliography

Barth H, Aktories K, Popoff MR, Stiles BG. “Binary bacterial toxins: biochemistry, biology, and applications of common Clostridium and Bacillus proteins.” Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Sep;68(3):373-402, table of contents. Review.

Guarner J, Zaki SR. “Histopathology and immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of bioterrorism agents.” J Histochem Cytochem. 2006 Jan;54(1):3-11. Epub 2005 Sep 7.

Me

circa 2017 (29 y/o)

Popularly…

  • 04 Mar 25: Creon as a Tragic Character in “Antigone” #10th Grade – English – Forms of Fiction #Great Valley High School #Mr. Thomas Esterly
  • 06 Sep 25: Determining the Density of an Unknown Substance (Lab Report) #CHM 1112 (General Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Joseph N. Bartlett #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Sep 26: Recrystallization and Melting Point Determination Lab #CHM 2312 (Organic Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Roger K. Murray #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Oct 17: Acid/Base Extraction of a Benzoic Acid, 4-Nitroaniline, and Naphthalene Mixture #CHM 2312 (Organic Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Roger K. Murray #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 09 Oct 2: Verifying Newton’s Second Law #Dr. Paul J. Angiolillo #PHY 1032 (General Physics Lab I) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 10 Mar 2: Electrical Resistance and Ohm’s Law #Dr. Paul J. Angiolillo #PHY 1042 (General Physics Lab II) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 05 Mar 28: The American Dream Essay #11th Grade – English – American Literature #Great Valley High School #Mrs. Michelle Leininger
  • 04 Nov 27: The Crucible Essay on the Theme of Having a Good Name #11th Grade – English – American Literature #Great Valley High School #Mrs. Michelle Leininger
  • 08 Apr 6: The Portrayal of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in “As Good as It Gets” #PSY 1151 (Psychology of Abnormal Behavior) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Nov 7: Liquids #CHM 2312 (Organic Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Roger K. Murray #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 06 Oct 2: Yeast Lab #BIO 1011 (Biology I: Cells) #Dr. Denise Marie Ratterman #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Feb 21: Determining an Equilibrium Constant Using Spectrophotometry #CHM 1122 (General Chemistry Lab II) #Mr. John Longo #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Nov 14: Thin-Layer Chromatography #CHM 2312 (Organic Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Roger K. Murray #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 06 Nov 20: The Effect Light Intensity Has on the Photosynthesis of Spinach Chloroplasts #BIO 1011 (Biology I: Cells) #Dr. Denise Marie Ratterman #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 06 Nov 14: Enthalpy of Hydration Between MgSO4 and MgSO4 ∙ 7 H2O #CHM 1112 (General Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Joseph N. Bartlett #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 04 Oct 3: Catcher in the Rye Essay on the Immaturity of Holden Caufield #11th Grade – English – American Literature #Great Valley High School #Mrs. Michelle Leininger
  • 10 Mar 22: Series and Parallel Circuits Lab #Dr. Paul J. Angiolillo #PHY 1042 (General Physics Lab II) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Feb 14: Determining the Rate Law for the Crystal Violet-Hydroxide Ion Reaction #CHM 1122 (General Chemistry Lab II) #Mr. John Longo #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 10 Feb 22: Hooke’s Law and Simple Harmonic Motion #Dr. Paul J. Angiolillo #PHY 1042 (General Physics Lab II) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 07 Feb 7: The Reactivity of Magnesium Metal with Hydrochloric Acid #CHM 1122 (General Chemistry Lab II) #Mr. John Longo #Saint Joseph’s University

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CHM 2611 (Biochemistry) (Class) / Dr. Mark F. Reynolds (Teacher) / Saint Joseph’s University (School) / schoolwork (Post Type)

Ring-Opening Metathesis PowerPoint Presentation

↘︎ Dec 5, 2009 … 1′ … download⇠ | skip ⇢

Otherwise known as: “A Reusable Polymeric Asymmetric Hydrogenation Catalyst Made by Ring-Opening Olfein Metathesis Polymerization”

This was a PowerPoint presentation I did for class.

Me

circa 2009 (21 y/o)

Randomly…

  • 07 Jan 31: Determination of the Bleach Strength of a Commercial Bleach Solution #CHM 1122 (General Chemistry Lab II) #Mr. John Longo #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 06 Oct 11: Relating to “Running on Empty” by Robert Phillips #ENG 1011 (Craft of Language) #Mrs. Marie H. Flocco #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 05 Feb 10: Sacco and Vanzetti Trial Essay #11th Grade – History – 20th Century American Experience #Great Valley High School #Ms. Meg Sargent
  • 06 Oct 4: Why the SJU Shuttle Schedule Should Be Changed #ENG 1011 (Craft of Language) #Mrs. Marie H. Flocco #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 09 Nov 4: Bredt’s Rule PowerPoint Presentation #CHM 2351 (Advanced Organic Chemistry) #Dr. Mark A. Forman #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 08 Oct 6: Analysis of Ethanol and Butanol Solutions via Gas Chromatography #CHM 2412 (Physical Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Jose Cerda #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 05 Feb 25: Book Report on Cat’s Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut #11th Grade – English – American Literature #Great Valley High School #Mrs. Michelle Leininger
  • 01 Jun 1: A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words #7th Grade – English #Great Valley Middle School #Mrs. Joann Bedell
  • 05 Nov 17: Racism as a Theme in “Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe” #12th Grade – English #Great Valley High School #Mr. Michael Settanni
  • 07 Oct 24: Personality Assessment Reflections #PSY 1001 (Introductory Psychology) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 04 Mar 25: Creon as a Tragic Character in “Antigone” #10th Grade – English – Forms of Fiction #Great Valley High School #Mr. Thomas Esterly
  • 06 Dec 4: The Pros and Cons of Intermarriage #ENG 1011 (Craft of Language) #Mrs. Marie H. Flocco #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 09 Oct 2: Verifying Newton’s Second Law #Dr. Paul J. Angiolillo #PHY 1032 (General Physics Lab I) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 05 Mar 17: Stock Market Crash Photo Essay #11th Grade – History – 20th Century American Experience #Great Valley High School #Ms. Meg Sargent
  • 05 Nov 17: DBQ on Slavery in France #10th Grade – History – Modern World History #Great Valley High School #Mr. Bill Mayberry
  • 09 Jan 30: Autobiography for Philosophy of Death #Fr. Albert Jenemann #PHL 2321 (Philosophy of Death) #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 06 Oct 1: “Running on Empty” and “I was stolen…” Poetry Responses #ENG 1011 (Craft of Language) #Mrs. Marie H. Flocco #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 05 Oct 17: On the Court #Great Valley High School
  • 06 Nov 28: Spectrophotometric Determination of Manganese #CHM 1112 (General Chemistry Lab I) #Dr. Joseph N. Bartlett #Saint Joseph’s University
  • 10 Mar 17: Synthesis and Determination of [1,3,5-C6H3(CH3)3]Mo(CO)3 #CHM 2521 (Inorganic Chemistry Lab) #Dr. Peter M. Graham #Saint Joseph’s University

More from…
CHM 2511 (Inorganic Chemistry) (Class) / Dr. Peter M. Graham (Teacher) / Saint Joseph’s University (School) / schoolwork (Post Type)

WAYWT 12/2/09

↘︎ Dec 2, 2009 … 1′⇠ | skip ⇢

no name except for jeans (full count) and shoes (clarks)

Me

circa 2017 (29 y/o)

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clothing / style / WAYWT

WAYWT 12/1/09

↘︎ Dec 1, 2009 … 1′⇠ | skip ⇢

Gap crewneck
Hanes T
Full Count jeans
Chucks

Me

circa 2017 (29 y/o)

More on…
clothing / style / WAYWT

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ADAM CAP is an elastic waistband enthusiast, hammock admirer, and rare dingus collector hailing from Berwyn, Pennsylvania.

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